Allergies and colds have many of the same symptoms, making it difficult to differentiate between them. However, there are some key differences. Learn how to distinguish allergies from a cold to get the relief you need.
Allergies do not stem from viruses and cannot be spread. Instead, they occur when your immune system reacts to a specific triggering substance. Exposure to this substance causes the immune system to release chemicals like histamines to protect the body from the allergen. These histamines are also responsible for allergy symptoms.
Some common allergens produce symptoms in the upper respiratory tract, such as sneezing and nasal congestion. These include:
- Pollen from trees and grass
- Pet dander
- Dust and mold
Other allergens can cause systemic reactions that manifest as rashes, redness, or hives on the skin. Examples of these allergens are:
- Certain foods like nuts, soy, fish, wheat, eggs, and milk
- Latex
- Bee or wasp stings
- Certain medications like penicillin
On the other hand, the common cold is caused by a virus that results in inflammation of the mucous membranes in the nose and throat. There are over 200 different viruses that can cause a cold, but the most common ones are rhinoviruses.
A cold can spread from person to person through droplets transmitted by the infected person when they cough or sneeze. If a person is in close proximity, they can inhale those droplets and become infected with the virus. A cold can also spread if an ill person touches surfaces like doorknobs, which are then touched by others.
Treating the Symptoms
